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James F. Davis
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Lex Talionis in Early Judaism and the Exhortation of Jesus in Matthew 5.38-42 (The Library of New Testament Studies) Hardcover – June 30, 2005

by James Davis (Author)
5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars 2 ratings
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In Matthew 5:38-42, Jesus overrides the Old Testament teaching of 'an eye for eye and a tooth for a tooth' - the Lex Talionis law - and commands his disciples to turn the other cheek. James Davis asks how Jesus' teaching in this instance relates to the Old Testament talionic commands, how it relates to New Testament era Judaism and what Jesus required from his disciples and the church.

Based on the Old Testament texts such as Leviticus 24, Exodus 22 and Deuteronomy 19, a strong case can be made that the Lex Talionis law was understood to have a literal application there are several texts that text of Leviticus 24 provides the strongest case that a literal and judicial application. However, by the second century AD and later, Jewish rabbinic leadership was essentially unified that the OT did not require a literal talion, but that financial penalties could be substituted in court matters. Yet there is evidence from Philo, Rabbi Eliezer and Josephus that in the first century AD the application of literal talion in judicial matters was a major and viable Jewish viewpoint at the time of Jesus.

Jesus instruction represents a different perspective from the OT lex talionis texts and also, possibly, from the Judaism of his time. Jesus commands the general principle of not retaliation against the evil person and intended this teaching to be concretely applied, as borne out in his own life.

JSNTS

Previous page
  1. Print length
    210 pages
  2. Language
    English
  3. Publisher
    T&T Clark
  4. Publication date
    June 30, 2005
  5. Dimensions
    6.14 x 0.5 x 9.21 inches
  6. ISBN-10
    0567041506
  7. ISBN-13
    978-0567041500
  8. See all details
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About the Author

James Davis is on the senior faculty at Jordan Evangelical Theological Seminary, Amman, Jordan teaching New Testament studies. He worked as a Bible translator/editor for the Holman Christian Standard Bible and served as an adjunct faculty at Dallas Theological Seminary.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ T&T Clark (June 30, 2005)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 210 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0567041506
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0567041500
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 15.5 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.14 x 0.5 x 9.21 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars 2 ratings

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James F. Davis

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5 out of 5 stars
5 out of 5
2 global ratings

Top review from the United States

R
5.0 out of 5 stars very detailed research
Reviewed in the United States on April 28, 2015
Verified Purchase
This is a very good book and I used it for a basic overview of Lex Talionis in early judaism. I used it on my thesis entitled: Those Who Heard It First: The Political Implications of the Sermon on the Mount to Jesus' Jewish Audience as found on Amazon too. It gave some good research points I could use but better, good academic foundation. If you are looking for the hebrew roots of christianity, you need to add this to your library.
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